END NOTES

[1] A Glossary and List of Acronyms is located at Tab A.

[2] Toxicological Profile for Uranium, Draft for Public Comment. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, September 1997, p. 1.

[3] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 111.

[4] Bioassay Programs for Uranium, An American National Standard, HPS N13.22-1995, Health Physics Society; McLean, VA; October 1995, p. 13, 38.

[5] Toxicological Profile for Uranium, Draft for Public Comment. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, September 1997, p. 15.

[6] Naomi Harley, Earnest Foulkes, Lee Hilborne, Arlene Hudson, C. Ross Anthony, "A Review of the Scientific Literature as it Pertains to Gulf War Illnesses, Volume V: Depleted Uranium, Draft," RAND, National Defense Research Institute, Washington DC, June 29, 1998, p. 13.

[7] Stephen P. Joseph and the Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Team, A Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of 20,000 Persian Gulf War Veterans, Military Medicine, Vol. 162, March 1997, p. 149-155.

[8] 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants; 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z; and 29 CFR 1910.1025 Lead.

[9] 1998 TLVs and BEIs, Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents, Biological Exposure Indices, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.

[10] A rem (roentgen equivalent in man or mammal) is a measurement of the relative effectiveness of a radiation dose. See Glossary at Tab A for a more detailed definition.

[11] BEIR V, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1990, p. 384.

[12] BEIR V, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1990, p. 385.

[13] BEIR V, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1990, p. 385.

[14] BEIR V, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1990, p. 385.

[15] Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans: The Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies, Institute of Medicine, 1995, p. 23-24.

[16] Otake, M. et. al., Radiation Effects Research Foundation Technical Report RERF TR 16-87, Severe Mental Retardation Among the Prenatally Exposed Survivors of the Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: a Comparison of the T65DR and DS86 Dosimetry Systems, 1987.

[17] Limitation of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation, Report No. 116, National Council of Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1993, p. 33.

[18] Limitation of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation, Report No. 116, National Council of Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1993, p. 34.

[19] "Occupational Radiation Protection Program, Department of Defense Instruction 6055.8, revised May 6, 1996.

[20] Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 20, Standards for Protection Against Radiation, Subpart C, 20.1201: Occupational Dose Limits for Adults; and Subpart D, 20.1301, Dose Limits for Individual Members of the Public.

[21] The figure of 0.00003 rem/hr is obtained when the average annual background dose (.3 rem) is divided by 8,760 hours in a year.

[22] Memo for Record (98-3), Subject: Radiation Measurements on M1A2 With Depleted Uranium, Aberdeen Test Center, 11 December 1997.

[23] "Military Probes Friendly Fire Incidents" Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Public Affairs: News Release, August 13, 1991.

[24] For an in depth discussion of how fratricide can occur in ground combat, see: Applying the National Training Center Experience-Incidence of Ground-to-Ground Fratricide, N-2438-A, by Martin Goldsmith, The RAND Corporation, February 1986

[25] Exposure of the Population of the United States and Canada from Natural Background Radiation, Report No. 94, NCRP (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements), Bethesda, MD, 1987.

[26] The earlier estimate (one year) reported in the Special Assistant's March 23, 1998 speech to the American Legion was revised upward to represent exposure from two rounds penetrating the turret and to reflect a much lower solubility than was previously used.

[27] Memorandum for the Office of the Special Assistant Secretary for Gulf War Illnesses, Subject: Program Summary, USACHPPM Assistance with OSAGWI's Depleted Uranium (DU) Environmental Investigation Report, August 3, 1998.

[28] Problem Definition and Assessment (PDA) Team Activities During Operation Vigilant Warrior - 94, Final Report, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, May 8, 1995, p. 20.

[29] Kuwait Oil Fire Health Risk Assessment No. 39-26-L192-91, Final Report, 5 May - 3 December 1991, Appendix H, Radiological Analysis, February 1994, p. H-2, H-6, H-7 and Enclosure 2.

[30] Kuwait Oil Fire Health Risk Assessment No. 39-26-L192-91, Final Report, 5 May - 3 December 1991, Appendix H, Radiological Analysis, February 1994, p. H-6

[31] Firyal Bou-Rabee, Estimating the Concentration of Uranium in Some Environmental Samples in Kuwait After the 1991 Gulf War, Applied Radiation Isotopes, Volume 46, Number 4, p 217-220, 1995, Elsevier Science LTD, Great Britain.

[32] M.A. Parkhurst, J. Mishima, D.E. Hadlock, and S.J. Jette, Hazard Classification and Airborne Dispersion Characteristics of the 25-MM, APFSDS-T XM919 Cartridge, PNL-7232, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, April 1990.

[33] M.A. Parkhurst, J. Mishima, D.E. Hadlock, and S.J. Jette, Hazard Classification and Airborne Dispersion Characteristics of the 25-MM, APFSDS-T XM919 Cartridge, PNL-7232, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, April 1990, p. vi.

[34] M.A. Parkhurst, J. Mishima, D.E. Hadlock, and S.J. Jette, Hazard Classification and Airborne Dispersion Characteristics of the 25-MM, APFSDS-T XM919 Cartridge, PNL-7232, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, April 1990, p. vi.

[35] M.A. Parkhurst, M.H. Smith, and J Mishima, Bradley Fighting Vehicle Burn Test. Final Draft Report, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, October 1997, p. 6.1.

[36] M.A. Parkhurst, M.H. Smith, and J Mishima, Bradley Fighting Vehicle Burn Test. Final Draft Report, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, October 1997, p. 6.1-6.5.

[37] Depleted Uranium (DU) Hard Impact Aerosolization Test Summary Report (Source Term and Resuspension Estimates), U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ, January 1998.

[38] Facsimile from Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center and Outpatient Clinics, Boston, MA: May 14, 1997.

[39] Kimberly A. Benson and Terry Pellmar. Neurotoxicity and Reproductive Effects of Embedded Depleted Uranium in the Rat (abstract). Conference on Federally Sponsored Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses Research; Program and Abstract Book, page 51; Washington, DC, June 17-19, 1998.

[40] Operation Desert Storm - Army Not Adequately Prepared to Deal With Depleted Uranium Contamination, GAO/NSIAD-93-90. Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office, Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Energy, Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, January 1993, p. 34.

[41] Memorandum from AMCCOM to TRADOC, Subject: Depleted Uranium (DU) Contamination, May 24, 1991.

[42] Memorandum for Chief of Naval Operations, Chief of Staff of the Air Force, and Commandant of the US Marine Corps, "Depleted Uranium Ammunition Training," September 9, 1997.

[43] Memorandum for Secretaries of the Military Departments, "Depleted Uranium Training," January 7, 1998.

[44] Preventive Medicine, Army Regulation 40-5, October 15, 1990, Paragraph 9-6.a.(2)(a), p. 189.

[45] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 7-8.

[46] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 23.

[47] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 8-9.

[48] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 12.

[49] Richard P. Davitt, A Comparison of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Depleted Uranium and Tungsten Alloy As Penetrator Materials, Tank Ammo Section Report No. 107, Dover, NJ: US Army Armament Research and Development Command, June 1980, p. 3.

[50] Richard P. Davitt, A Comparison of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Depleted Uranium and Tungsten Alloy As Penetrator Materials, Tank Ammo Section Report No. 107, Dover, NJ: US Army Armament Research and Development Command, June 1980, p. 5.

[51] Richard P. Davitt, A Comparison of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Depleted Uranium and Tungsten Alloy As Penetrator Materials, Tank Ammo Section Report No. 107, Dover, NJ: US Army Armament Research and Development Command, June 1980, p. 3, 6.

[52] Environmental Assessment, Depleted Uranium (DU) Armor Penetrating Munitions for the GAU-8 Automatic Cannon, Development and Operational Test and Evaluation, AF/SGPA, April 1975, p. 1.

[53] Richard P. Davitt, A Comparison of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Depleted Uranium and Tungsten Alloy As Penetrator Materials, Tank Ammo Section Report No. 107, Dover, NJ: US Army Armament Research and Development Command, June 1980, p. 5.

[54] "Phalanx Close-In Weapons System," US Navy Fact File Sheet, Public Affairs Office of the Naval Sea Systems Command (OOD), Washington, DC, 1997.

[55] Letter to the Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from the Commander, Crane Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center, subject: "Navy/Marine Corps Responses to Questions on Depleted Uranium Ammunition." March 17, 1998, Enclosure 1, p. 1.

[56] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report. Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, Section 3.3 (Acquisition); pp. 26-32.

[57] Medical and Environmental Evaluation of Depleted Uranium, JTCG/ME Special Report, Vol I, Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness, April 1974, p. v-vi.

[58] Medical and Environmental Evaluation of Depleted Uranium, JTCG/ME Special Report, Vol I, Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness, April 1974, p. vi-x.

[59] Environmental Assessment, Depleted Uranium (DU) Armor Penetrating Munition for the GAU-8 Automatic Cannon, Development and Operational Test and Evaluation. AF/SGPA, April 1975, Executive Summary, p. i.

[60] J.C. Elder, M.I. Tillery, and H.J. Ettinger. Hazard Classification Test of GAU-8 Ammunition by Bonfire Cookoff with Limited Air Sampling, LA-6210-MS. Los Alamos, NM: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory of the University of California, February 1976.

[61] Captain Karl L. Prado, External Radiation Hazard Evaluation of GAU-8 API Munitions, TR 78-106. Brooks AFB, TX: USAF Occupational and Environmental Health Laboratory, 1978.

[62] Characterization of Airborne Uranium from Test Firings of XM774 Ammunition (PNL-2944), November 1979.

[63] Radiation Characterization, and Exposure Rate Measurements from Cartridge, 105mm, APFSDS-T, XM774, (PNL-2947), November 1979.

[64] Radiological and Toxicological Assessment of an External Heat (Burn) Test of the 105mm Cartridge, APFSDS-T, XM 744 [sic], (PNL-2670) 1978.

[65] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report. Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 92-93.

[66] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 25.

[67] Letter to the Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from the Commander, Crane Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center, subject: "Navy/Marine Corps Responses to Questions on Depleted Uranium Ammunition." March 17, 1998, Enclosure 1, p. 1.

[68] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 25.

[69] Reed C. Magness. Environmental Overview for Depleted Uranium, CRDC-TR-85030, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Chemical Research & Development Center, October 1985, p. 10-12.

[70] Robert H. Scales, Jr., Certain Victory: The US Army in the Gulf War. Simon & Schuster, Pocket Books, 1992, p. 293.

[71] James F. Dunnigan and Austin Bay, From Shield to Storm: High-Tech Weapons, Military Strategy, and Coalition Warfare in the Persian Gulf. William Morrow & Company, 1992, p. 294-295.

[72] Final Report to Congress, Conduct of the Persian Gulf War, Washington, DC: Department of Defense, April 1992, p. 750.

[73] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report. Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 76.

[74] "Estimated Expenditure" spreadsheet faxed to investigators by former Theater Ammunition Officer, February 3, 1992, p. 4.

[75] Based on weights per round of 8.5 pounds of DU for the 105mm and 10.7 pounds for the 120mm, taken from: Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report. Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 39.

[76] Final Report to Congress, Conduct of the Persian Gulf War, Washington, DC: Department of Defense, April 1992, p. 664.

[77] Memorandum from Headquarters Ogden Air Logistics Center, Department of the Air Force, Subject: "Gulf War Depleted Uranium DU Munitions Expenditure" April 30, 1997.

[78] Lead Sheet # 14246, Interview of former USS Missouri Executive Officer, January 23, 1998.

[79] US Navy Fact File, "Phalanx Close-In Weapons System," Public Affairs Office, Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, DC, May 1996.

[80] M1A1 Main Battle Tank, USMC Fact File, HQ USMC, Division of Public Affairs, Washington, DC, May 1991.

[81] Final Report to Congress, Conduct of the Persian Gulf War, Washington, DC: Department of Defense, April 1992, p. 671-2.

[82] Lead Sheet # 5683, Interview of an officer from the HQ Marine Corps, Department of Aviation, Aviation Support Logistics, May 9, 1997.

[83] Lead Sheet # 5684, Interview of Master Sergeant from the HQ Marine Corps, Department of Aviation, Aviation Support Logistics, May 9, 1997.

[84] Fax from Gulf War Veteran's Illnesses Unit, UK Ministry of Defence, London, July 16, 1998, p. 1.

[85] "Military Probes Friendly Fire Incidents" Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Public Affairs: News Release, August 13, 1991.

[86] M1A1 Abrams tanks have a four-man crew (commander, driver, gunner, loader). Bradleys configured as armored fighting vehicles (M2 variant) carry a crew of three (commander, driver, gunner) and six "dismount" infantry in the rear compartment. Bradleys configured as M3 cavalry scout vehicles carried two observers in the rear, in addition to the three-man crew (commander, gunner, driver).

[87] Lead Sheet #15330, Interview of a Major in the Battle Damage Assessment Team, March 5, 1998, p. 2.

[88] Memorandum from the Chief of the Log Ops. Branch, Subject: "Safe Response to Incidences Involving Depleted Uranium Armor/Ammo," December 20, 1990.

[89] Lead Sheet #5685, Interview of a LAR from 1st AD, July 8, 1997.

[90] Lead Sheet #5742, Interview of an AMCCOM (now IOC) representative, July 9, 1997.

[91] Lead Sheet #5681, Interview of the BDAT Officer in Charge, August 1, 1997.

[92] Lead Sheet #15330, Interview of a Major in the Battle Damage Assessment Team, March 5, 1998, p. 2.

[93] Lead Sheet # 14316, Interview of 144th Services and Supply Company NJANG NCO, January 28, 1998.

[94] This is the US Army "Guidelines For Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and Transportation Accidents Involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor Which Contain Depleted Uranium, Department of the Army"

[95] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 81.

[96] Operation Desert Storm - Army Not Adequately Prepared to Deal With Depleted Uranium Contamination, GAO/NSIAD-93-90, Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office, Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Energy, Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, January 1993, p. 32.

[97] Lead Sheet #14200, Interview of the Platoon Leader of the Operations Center of the 144th Services and Supply Company NJANG Storage Yard at KKMC, January 19, 1998.

[98] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 10-11.

[99] Memorandum for AMSMC-TM from the DU Team SWA, Subject: "DU Team Accomplishments," April 12, 1991.

[100] Radiological Team Report, AMCCOM (US Army Armaments, Munitions, and Chemical Command). Undated.

[101] Memorandum for Deputy Chief of Staff for Readiness, Headquarters, US Army Material Command, Subject: Depleted Uranium (DU) Contaminated Equipment, April 24, 1991.

[102] Memorandum for AMCCOM-SWA from AMSMC-SF, Subject: "Contaminated Vehicle Retrograde Actions," May 23, 1991.

[103] Memorandum for SCR AMC-SWA, Subject: "Decontamination and Retrograde Movement of Destroyed T-72 Tank," (Undated).

[104] Lead Sheet #5680, Interview of US Army Major in charge of surveying captured Iraqi equipment designated for shipment to the US, August 1, 1997.

[105] Lead Sheet 5698, Interview of former AMCCOM team member, August 8, 1997; and Lead Sheet 5699, Interview of AMCCOM Team Chief, July 25, 1997.

[106] Letter to US Army CECOM Office of the Chief of Staff, July 26, 1991.

[107] Lead Sheet 5993, Interview of former CECOM Team Member, August 7, 1997.

[108] Lead Sheet 5993, Interview of former CECOM Team Member, August 7, 1997 and Lead Sheet 5997, Interview of former CECOM Team Chief, July 16, 1997.

[109] Memorandum for Commander, Task Force Victory (Fwd), Subject: "Camp Doha Accident Survey Update," July 31, 1991, p. 1.

[110] Lead Sheet # 5513, Multiple interviews of former Theater health physicist, between July 1997 and March 1998, and RADCON personnel deployed to the Gulf (Lead Sheets 5698, 5699, 5700, 5701, 5703, and 5719).

[111] Lead Sheet # 6653, Interview of former Contracting Officer's Representative overseeing final cleaning and clearing at Doha, October 29, 1997, para 3, p. 2.

[112] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998, p. 3-4.

[113] "VIIth Corps Deployment After Action Report, Defense of Northern Kuwait," (Undated), p. 11.

[114] Message to ARCENT, Subject: "Army Requirements for Captured Iraqi Materiel", March 11, 1991.

[115] Identification Guide for Radioactive Sources in Foreign Material, AST-1500Z-100-93, US Army Foreign Science and Technology Center, Charlottesville, VA, March 1993.

[116] Lead Sheet # 17782, Interview of former 900th Maintenance Co. E-7, July 6, 1998.

[117] Lead Sheet # 17792, Interview of former 900th Maintenance Co. E-5, July 6, 1998.

[118] Lead Sheet # 17817, Interview of former 900th Maintenance Co. E-6, July 6, 1998.

[119] Lead Sheet #5737, Interview of former New Equipment Training Team E-7, July 24, 1997.

[120] Lead Sheet #5738, Interview of former New Equipment Training Team E-6, July 24, 1997.

[121] Lead Sheet #5979, Interview of the Program Manager for Ground Systems Integration at Warren, MI July 9, 1997.

[122] Lead Sheet #5679, Interview of former Colonel involved in Friendly Fire investigations, August 7, 1997, p. 2.

[123] Lead Sheet #5697, Interview of production manager of Dammam welding operation, August 14, 1997, p. 1.

[124] Lead Sheet # 14141, Interview of New Equipment Training Team E-6, January 14, 1998.

[125] Lead Sheet # 17784, Interview of former 900th Maintenance Co. Section Chief, July 6, 1998.

[126] Lead Sheet # 17789, Interview of former 900th Maintenance Co. E-5, July 6, 1998.

[127] Electronic Mail from Metallurgist involved in M1 upgrade R&D efforts, subj.: Welding Uranium, July 8, 1998,

[128] CMAT Report # 1997261-0000022, Interview of combat engineer from 61st Combat Support Detachment, October 16, 1997.

[129] Lead Sheet 7013, Interview of former platoon leader in 61st Combat Support Detachment, November 14, 1997.

[130] Lead Sheet 7092, Interview of radio telephone operator from 61st Combat Support Detachment, November 18, 1997.

[131] Lead Sheet 7013, Interview of former platoon leader in 61st Combat Support Detachment, November 14, 1997.

[132] Lead Sheet 14251, Interview of munitions expert from Picatinny Arsenal, January 26, 1998.

[133] Lead Sheet 6892, Interview of theater ammunition officer, November 6, 1997.

[134] These Quality Assistance Specialists Ammunition Specialists (QUASAS) were experts in the storage and transportation of ammunition.

[135] Lead Sheet 6991, Interview of the head QUASAS in theater, November 12, 1997; Lead Sheet 6996, Interview of the 2nd COSCOM QUASAS, November 12, 1997.

[136] Lead Sheet 7072, Interview of commander of ordnance storage area, November 17, 1997.

[137] Lead Sheet 7155, Interview of commander of 101st Ordnance Battalion, November 25, 1997.

[138] CMAT No. 1998085-5, Callback Interview of USAF bomb disposal specialist, March 27, 1998.

[139] CMAT No. 1997190-1045, Callback Interview of USAF munitions specialist, August 19, 1997.

[140] Atkinson, Rick. Crusade: The Untold Story of the Persian Gulf War. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin, 1993, p. 466.

[141] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report. Atlanta, GA:US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995; p. 76.

[142] Memorandum for the Commanding General, 3rd Armored Division, Subject: 'Investigation of the Circumstances Surrounding the Combat Damage to Alpha Troop 4-7 CAV", March 14, 1991.

[143] Memorandum for Commanding General, VII Corps, Subject: "Investigation of Possible Fratricide by 3rd Armored Division Units", March 16, 1991.

[144] Battle scenario and damage information were taken from Memorandum for the Commanding General, 3rd Armored Division, Subject: "Investigation of the Circumstances Surrounding the Combat Damage to Alpha Troop 4-7 CAV", March 14, 1991.

[145] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 352.

[146] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 371.

[147] CMAT No. 1997289-234, Callback Interview of platoon sergeant of 3rd platoon, A troop, 4/7th Cavalry, October 14, 1997, p. 2.

[148] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 361.

[149] Battle scenario and damage information were taken from Memorandum for the Commanding General, 3rd Armored Division, Subject: "Investigation of the Circumstances Surrounding the Combat Damage to Alpha Troop 4-7 CAV", March 14, 1991.

[150] CMAT No. 1997293-074, Callback Interview of A-22 Bradley commander, A troop, 4/7th Cavalry, October 20, 1997.

[151] Chandler, Jr., Captain E. Allen. Historical Report Format: "A Troop, 4/7th Cavalry, Contact with Iraqi Tanks, February 26, 1991." Fort Leavenworth, KS: Center for Army Lessons Learned, Gulf War Collection, SSG AAR4-147, May 29, 1991.

[152] "USAAVNC Army Aviation in Desert Shield-Storm 13, Recon and Security" (Fort Leavenworth, KS: Center for Army Lessons Learned, Operations Desert Shield - Desert Storm - Gulf War, 1990-1991, p. 307.

[153] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 162.

[154] Battle scenario and damage information were taken from "Analysis of 1-37 Armor's Battle Damage Incident," Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Ballistic Research Laboratory, (Undated).

[155] All battle scenario and damage information for the Battle of Norfolk (except as otherwise noted) was taken from: Memorandum for the Commanding General, 1st Infantry Division, Subject: "Informal Investigation of the Night Attack Conducted by 3rd Brigade on February 26-27, 1991," March 10, 1991.

[156] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 136.

[157] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p.85.

[158] CMAT No. 1997294-006, Callback Interview of B-32 Bradley commander, B company, 1-41st Infantry, October 21, 1997, p. 2.

[159] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 145.

[160] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 189.

[161] CMAT No. 1997289-197, Callback Interview of former SFC in D Company, 1-41st Infantry, October 16, 1997.

[162] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 202.

[163] CMAT No. 1997295-004, Callback Interview of former Bradley driver in D Company, 1-41st Infantry, October 28, 1997.

[164] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 116.

[165] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 70.

[166] Memorandum for SRC, AMCCOM-SWA, Subject "Vehicle Assessment Report Depleted Uranium Contamination," May 14, 1991, p. 7, paragraph A.

[167] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 95.

[168] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 77.

[169] Memorandum for SRC, AMCCOM-SWA, Subject "Vehicle Assessment Report Depleted Uranium Contamination," May 14, 1991, p. 10, paragraph J.

[170] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 101.

[171] CMAT No. 1997280-031, Callback Interview of former A-33 tank commander, A Company, 3-66th Armor, October 23, 1997.

[172] Battle scenario and damage information (except where otherwise noted) were taken from: Memorandum from 3d Battalion, 15th Infantry to AC of S, G3, 24th ID, M FSGA, 32314. Subject: "Battle Damage Assessment" June 14, 1991.

[173] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 319.

[174] CMAT No. 1997288-057, Callback Interview of former Bradley driver in C Company, 3-15th Infantry, October 23, 1997.

[175] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 339.

[176] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 328.

[177] Battle scenario and damage information were taken from Fratricide Assessment # 1-27: 4-66 Armor. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Center for Army Lessons Learned, Operation Desert Shield - Desert Storm - Gulf War, Undated.

[178] Fratricide Assessment # 1-22: 4-66 Armor. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Center for Army Lessons Learned, Operation Desert Shield - Desert Storm - Gulf War, Undated.

[179] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 245.

[180] Lead Sheet # 16645, Interview of former 1-34 Bradley crewman, May 19, 1998, p. 1-2.

[181] Richard A. Koffinke, Jr. and Frederick T. Brown. US Army Battle Damage Assessment Operations in Operation Desert Storm, Vol. II (U) ARL-TR-104, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Army Research Laboratory, March 1993, p. 349.

[182] Lead Sheet # 7178, Interview of former G Troop Commander, December 8, 1997.

[183] Lead Sheet # 14195, Interview of former Commander, Marine First Force Recon Company, January 19, 1998.

[184] Lead Sheet # 14145, Interview of former Marine Force Recon Captain, January 14, 1998.

[185] Lead Sheet # 14195, Interview of former Commander, Marine First Force Recon Company, January 19, 1998.

[186] Lead Sheet # 15421, Interview of former Navy SEAL Corpsman attached to Marine First Force Recon Company, March 10, 1998.

[187] Lead Sheet 14246, Interview of former USS Missouri Executive Officer, January 23, 1998.

[188] "Military Probes Friendly Fire Incidents" Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Public Affairs: News Release, August 13, 1991.

[189] Lead Sheet 15358, Interview of former 11th ACR Commander, March 6, 1998, p. 2.

[190] US Army Safety Center, Army Accident Report 910711001, September 20, 1991, 18 July 1991 interview of Regimental Quartermaster S-4, p. 4.

[191] US Army Safety Center, Army Accident Report 910711001, September 20, 1991, 18 July 1991 interview of Regimental XO, p. 3.

[192] AR 15-6 Report of Investigation, Fire/Explosion at Doha, Kuwait, 11 July 1991: Findings. July 27, 1991, p. 8.

[193] Lead Sheet # 6473, Interview of former Echo Troop, 2/11th ACR NCO, October 20, 1997, p. 1.

[194] AR 15-6 Report of Investigation, Fire/Explosion at Doha, Kuwait, 11 July 1991: Findings. July 27, 1991, p. 1-2.

[195] Letter from the Ministry of Defence (UK) to the Countess of Mar, February 2, 1998. p. 6.

[196] "History of Events," Army Accident Report 910711001, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, September 20, 1991, p. 1-3.

[197] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998. p. 2.

[198] "Medical Aspects of Accident," Army Accident Report 910711001, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, September 20, 1991, p. 2.

[199] "History of Events," Army Accident Report 910711001, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, September 20, 1991, p. 3-4.

[200] "Estimated Cost of Destroyed Ammunition," Army Accident Report 910711001, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, September 20, 1991, p. 1.

[201] Lead Sheet # 15358, Interview of former 11th ACR Commander, March 6, 1998.

[202] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998. p. 2.

[203] Lead Sheet # 6002, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Commander, September 11, 1997, p. 1

[204] Lead Sheet #5720, Interview of former11th ACR Engineer Officer, August 2, 1997.

[205] Lead Sheet # 15523, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Commander, March 19, 1998.

[206] "Doha Fire, SUPCOM LOC Sequence of Events Log," July 11, 1991.

[207] Lead Sheet # 15358, Interview of former 11th ACR Commander, March 6, 1998, p. 3.

[208] 12 July 1991 entry, 702D Transportation Battalion (Provisional) Battalion Operations Diary, Saudi Arabia (Part 1 of 2); Gulf War Collection, Group Swain Papers, SSG After-action Report, SSG 3rd-051, p. 4-13.

[209] Lead Sheet # 15454, Interview of former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, March 11, 1998, p. 1-2.

[210] "Doha Fire, SUPCOM LOC Sequence of Events Log," July 11, 1991.

[211] Lead Sheet # 15517, Interview of former 11th ACR Regimental NBC Officer, March 18, 1998, p. 1-2.

[212] "Doha Fire, SUPCOM LOC Sequence of Events Log," July 11, 1991.

[213] "Doha Fire, SUPCOM LOC Sequence of Events Log," July 11, 1991.

[214] Lead Sheet # 6002, Former 146th Ord. Det (EOD) Commander, September 11, 1997, p. 1.

[215] Lead Sheet # 5728, Former 11th ACR Regimental Chemical Officer, July 10, 1997, p. 1-2.

[216] Lead Sheet # 5724, Former 54th Chemical Troop Commander, July 7, 1997, p. 1.

[217] "Doha Fire, SUPCOM LOC Sequence of Events Log," July 11, 1991.

[218] Lead Sheet # 15523, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Commander, March 19, 1998, p. 2.

[219] Lead Sheet # 5997, Interview of CECOM Team Head, July 16,1997, p. 2.

[220] Lead Sheet # 6002, former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Commanding Officer, Oct 6, 1997

[221] Lead Sheet # 5732, former 146th Ord Det (EOD) SFC, September 25, 1997, p. 1-2.

[222] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998, p. 2-3.

[223] Lead Sheet # 6002, former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Commanding Officer, Oct 6, 1997, p. 1.

[224] Lead Sheet # 6002, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Commander, October 6, 1997, p. 2.

[225] Lead Sheet # 6481, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Sergeant First Class, October 20,1997, p. 2.

[226] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998, p. 2; Lead Sheet # 5721, "Interview of former 58th Combat Engineer Company NCO," July 1, 1997.

[227] Lead Sheet # 6002, former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Commander, October 6, 1997.

[228] Lead Sheet # 6653, former US Army COR to ECC, October 31, 1997, p. 2.

[229] Lead Sheet #5724, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Commander, July 7, 1997, p. 1-2.

[230] Lead Sheet # 5731, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Reconnaissance Platoon NCO, July 15, 1997, p. 1.

[231] Lead Sheet #5730, Interview of former 1st Reconnaissance Platoon Leader, 54th Chemical Troop, July 14, 1997, p. 1.

[232] Lead Sheet #5724, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Commander, July 7, 1997, p. 1-2.

[233] Lead Sheet # 15492, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Reconnaissance Platoon Leader, March 25, 1998, p. 1.

[234] Lead Sheet # 15523, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop CO, March 19, 1998.

[235] Lead Sheet # 5731, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Reconnaissance Platoon NCO, July 15, 1997, p. 2.

[236] Lead Sheet #5728, Interview of former 11th ACR Chemical Officer, July 10, 1997, p. 1; Lead Sheet #5730, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Reconnaissance Platoon Leader, July 14, 1997; and Lead Sheet #5731, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop Reconnaissance Platoon Sergeant, July 15, 1997.

[237] Lead Sheet #5724, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop CO, July 7, 1997, p. 2.

[238] Lead Sheet # 15523, Interview of former 54th Chemical Troop CO, March 19, 1998, p. 2.

[239] Lead Sheet # 5739, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) SSG, July 25, 1997, p. 2.

[240] Lead Sheet # 6653, Interview of former US Army Contracting Officer's Representative to ECC, October 31, 1997.

[241] Lead Sheet # 6481, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Sergeant First Class, October 20, 1997.

[242] Lead Sheet # 6499, Interview of ECC Contract EOD Team member, October 21, 1997, p. 1-2.

[243] Guidelines For Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and Transportation Accidents Involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor Which Contain Depleted Uranium, Department of the Army TB 9-1300-278 Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army, July 21, 1996, p. 1-2.

[244] Lead Sheets #5698 and #5699, Interviews of AMCCOM members

[245] Health and Environmental Consequences of Depleted Uranium Use in the US Army: Technical Report, Atlanta, GA: US Army Environmental Policy Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, June 1995, p. 39.

[246] Memorandum for Record, telephone report from SWA Radiation Protection Office, on update of status of Doha accident site, July 18, 1991.

[247] Lead Sheet #5698, Interview of former AMCCOM team member, August 8, 1997 and Lead Sheet #5699, Interview of AMCCOM Team head, July 25, 1997.

[248] Lead Sheet #5699, Interview of AMCCOM Team head, July 25, 1997.

[249] Lead Sheet #6473, Interview of former Echo Troop, 2/11th ACR NCO, October 20, 1997, p. 2.

[250] Lead Sheet #5699, Interview of AMCCOM Team head, July 25, 1997; and Lead Sheet #5997, Interview of CECOM Team head, July 16, 1997.

[251] Memorandum for Commander, 22 Support Command, APO NY, Subject: "Damage Assessment at Camp Doha," August 5, 1991.

[252] Lead Sheet #6002, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Commander, October 6, 1997.

[253] Lead Sheet # 6481, former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) Sergeant First Class, October 20, 1997.

[254] Lead Sheets #5724, 5728, 5730, 5732.

[255] Lead Sheet #5699, Interview of AMCCOM Team head, July 25, 1997, p. 3; and Lead Sheet #5720, 11th ACR Engineer Officer, July 16,1997.

[256] Lead Sheet #5720, Interview of former 11th ACR Regimental Engineer, July 7, 1997, p. 2.

[257] Lead Sheet # 15854, Interview of ARCENT Radiation Protection Officer, April 6, 1998, p. 2.

[258] Lead Sheet 15358, Interview of former 11th ACR Commander, March 6, 1998, p. 3.

[259] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998, p. 3-4.

[260] Lead Sheet #5993, Interview of former CECOM Team Member, August 7, 1997.

[261] Memorandum for Commander, Task Force Victory (Fwd), Subject: "Camp Doha Accident Survey Update," July 31, 1991, p. 1.

[262] Lead Sheet #5993, Interview of former CECOM Team Member, August 7, 1997; and Lead Sheet #5997, Interview of former CECOM Team Chief, July 16, 1997.

[263] Lead Sheet # 15493, Memorandum for Office of the Special Assistant for Gulf War Illnesses from former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, subject: "Summary of Personal Involvement and Observations Concerning Depleted Uranium at Camp Doha, Kuwait, 11 July -25 August 1991," March 16, 1998, p. 3.

[264] Lead Sheet # 6653, Interview of former US Army Contracting Officer's Representative to ECC, October 31, 1997. p. 2.

[265] Information in sections on "Post-M1A1 Retrograde Radiation Control and Clean up Activity" and "The Final Clean up" is taken from Lead Sheet # 6653, Interview of former US Army Contracting Officer's Representative to ECC, October 31, 1997, and Lead Sheet # 6499, Interview of ECC Contract EOD Team member, October 21, 1997, p. 1-2.

[266] Lead Sheets #5720, Interview of former 11th ACR Regimental Engineer, July 7, 1997 and Lead Sheet #5739, Interview of 146th Ordnance Detachment (EOD) SSG, July 28, 1997, p. 2.

[267] Guidelines For Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and Transportation Accidents Involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor Which Contain Depleted Uranium, Department of the Army TB 9-1300-278 Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army, September 1990, paragraph 6-2a, page 6-2.

[268] Lead Sheets #5720, Interview of former 11th ACR Engineer Officer, July 7, 1997; Lead Sheet #5721, Interview of former 58th Combat Engineer Company NCO; July 1, 1997 and Lead Sheet #5732, Interview of former 146th Ord. Det. (EOD) NCO, July 15, 1997.

[269] Lead Sheet #5698, Interview of former AMCCOM team member.

[270] Lead Sheet #15493, Interview of 11th ACR Engineer Officer, July 16, 1997.

[271] Lead Sheets #5698, #5699, #5700, and #5997, Interviews of AMCCOM and CECOM members.

[272] Lead Sheet #5720, Interview of 11th ACR Engineer Officer, July 16, 1997.

[273] Lead Sheet #5997, Interview of CECOM Team Chief, August 11, 1997.

[274] Lead Sheet #5678, Interview of CECOM Team Chief, August 13, 1997.

[275] "Estimated Cost of Destroyed Ammunition" Army Accident Report 910711001, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, September 20, 1991.

[276] Assumes each tank uploaded with 37 DU rounds.

[277] AR 15-6 Investigation, Investigating Officer's Statement, S-3, 1st Bn., 64th Armor, undated.

[278] Memorandum for Commander, XVIII Airborne Corps, Subject: "Law and Order Significant Activities (SIGACTS)," December 9, 1990.

[279] Memorandum for Record, Subject: "Trip Report to Saudi Arabia, 3d Company, 69th Armored Battalion, 1st Brigade, 24th Infantry Division, 6-22 December 1990," December 31, 1990.

[280] Memorandum for the Commanding General, Subject: "Status of Collateral Investigation Into Destruction of M1 Tank Assigned to 3/69 AR (Bumper #A66)," December 17, 1990.

[281] Memorandum for Record, Subject: "Trip Report to Saudi Arabia, 3d Company, 69th Armored Battalion, 1st Brigade, 24th Infantry Division, 6-22 December 1990," December 31, 1990.

[282] Information Paper, Subject: "History and Status of Retrograde of M1 Battle Tank From Saudi Arabia," March 4, 1991.

[283] Lead Sheet #5719, Interview of the former head of the AMCCOM radiation control team dispatched in response to the December 5, 1990 tank fire, July 2, 1997, p. 1.

[284] "Analysis of 1-37 Armor's Battle Damage Incident," Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Ballistic Research Laboratory, Undated.

[285] Army Accident Report 910404001, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, printed July 14, 1997.

[286] Accident Report 910413017, Fort Rucker, AL: US Army Safety Center, printed July 14, 1997.

[287] Memorandum for SRC, AMCCOM-SWA, Subject: "Vehicle Assessment Report Depleted Uranium Contamination," May 14, 1991.

[288] J.A. Glissmeyer, J Mishima, and R.L. Gilchrist, Characterization of Airborne Uranium from Test Firings of XM-744(sic) Ammunition, PNL-2944, Richland WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, 1979.

[289] Dennis R. Chambers, Richard A. Markland, Michael K Clary, Roy L. Bowman, Aerosolization Characteristics of Hard Impact Testing of Depleted Uranium Penetrators, Technical Report ARBRL-TR-023435, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: Ballistic Research Laboratory, October 1982, p. 46.

[290] S.J. Jette, J. Mishima, and D.E. Haddlock, Aerosolization of M829A1 and XM900E1 Rounds Fired Against Hard Targets, PNL-7452, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, August 1990, p. 4.1.

[291] M.A. Parkhurst, J. R. Johnson, J. Mishima, J.L. Pierce, Evaluation of DU Aerosol Data: Its Adequacy for Inhalation Modeling, PNL-10903, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, December 1995, p. 2.4-2.6.

[292] Draft Depleted Uranium (DU) Hard Impact Aerosolization Test Summary Report (Source Term and Resuspension Estimates), EAI Report A010/96/001D1, U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ, October 1996.

[293] M.A. Parkhurst, M.H. Smith, and J Mishima, Bradley Fighting Vehicle Burn Test. Final Draft Report, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, October 1997, p. 6.1.

[294] M.A. Parkhurst, M.H. Smith, and J Mishima, Bradley Fighting Vehicle Burn Test. Final Draft Report, Richland, WA: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory, October 1997, p. 6.1-6.5.

[295] Fliszar, Richard W., Edward F. Wilsey, and Ernest W. Bloore. Radiological Contamination from Impacted Abrams Heavy Armor, Technical Report BRL-TR-3068, Ballistic Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, December 1989.

[296] Memorandum for the Office of the Special Assistant Secretary for Gulf War Illnesses, Subject: Program Summary, USACHPPM Assistance with OSAGWI's Depleted Uranium (DU) Environmental Exposure Report, August 3, 1998.

[297] Memorandum for the Office of the Special Assistant Secretary for Gulf War Illnesses, Subject: Program Summary, USACHPPM Assistance with OSAGWI's Depleted Uranium (DU) Environmental Exposure Report, August 3, 1998.

[298] Exposure of the Population of the United States and Canada from Natural Background Radiation, Report No. 94, NCRP (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements), Bethesda, MD, 1987.

[299] Memorandum for the Office of the Special Assistant Secretary for Gulf War Illnesses, Subject: Program Summary, USACHPPM Assistance with OSAGWI's Depleted Uranium (DU) Environmental Exposure Report, August 3, 1998.

[300] Memorandum for the Office of the Special Assistant Secretary for Gulf War Illnesses, Subject: Program Summary, USACHPPM Assistance with OSAGWI's Depleted Uranium (DU) Environmental Exposure Report, August 3, 1998.

[301] Radiological Control Manual, Department of Energy, DOE/EH-0256T Revision 1, US Department of Energy, Washington, DC, April 1994, p.2-12.

[302] Lead Sheet # 15854, Interview of former Army Health Physicist, April 6, 1998, p. 2.

[303] Operation Desert Storm - Army Not Adequately Prepared to Deal With Depleted Uranium Contamination, GAO/NSIAD-93-90. Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office, Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Energy, Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, January 1993, p. 35.

[304] Lead Sheet # 5680, Interview of US Army Major who was AMCCOM Operations Officer at KKMC during the Gulf War, August 1, 1997, p. 2.

[305] Operation Desert Storm - Army Not Adequately Prepared to Deal With Depleted Uranium Contamination, GAO/NSIAD-93-90. Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office, Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Energy, Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, January 1993, p. 34.

[306] Memorandum from AMCCOM to TRADOC, Subject: Depleted Uranium (DU) Contamination, May 24, 1991.

[307] Message from CDRTACOM in Warren, MI. to J4, ARCENT HQ, Subject: "Field Processing of Tanks Contaminated With Depleted Uranium (DU)," February 1991.

[308] Memorandum from AMCCOM (Army Munitions and Chemical Command), Subject: Tanks and Armored Vehicles Contaminated With Depleted Uranium (DU), March 3, 1991.

[309] Message to Headquarters ARCENT, Subject: Depleted Uranium (DU) Contamination, March 7, 1991.

[310] Memorandum for AMCCOM, Subject: Recommend That Safety Have Lead with Support by the Command Surgeon, April 7, 1991.

[311] Memorandum to AMCCOM-SCR/SWA, Subject: Concept Plan for Disposal of Depleted Uranium (DU) Contaminated Vehicle in Southwest Asia (SWA), April 11, 1991.

[312] Lead Sheet #15330, Interview of a Major in the Battle Damage Assessment Team, March 5, 1998, p. 2.

[313] Lead Sheet #16157, Interview of the Chief of the Safety Division, Army Test and Evaluation Command, April 22, 1998.

[314]US Army Common Task 031-503-1017, "Respond to Depleted Uranium/Low Level Radioactive Materials (DULLRAM) Hazards", July 1998.

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