MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

File: 123096_sep96_decls27_0030.txt
Page: 0030
Total Pages: 34

Subject: MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL             

Unit: OTSG        

Parent Organization: HSC         

Box  ID: BX003203

Folder Title: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST 3106                                                         

Document Number:          1

Folder Seq  #:         28



                                             SSIFIED








         organisms by aerosol or intradermal routes), ulceroglandular,
         typhoidal or pharyngeal forms could be seen. Ulceroglandular
         tularemia generally occurs about 3 days after exposure (range,
         2-10 days), and manifests as a cutaneous ulcer with regional
         lymphadenopathy, fever, chills, headache, and malaise. With
         typhoidal disease, the systemic clinical manifestations are
         similar to those seen in the ulceroglandular form, but the
         disease is not "contained" as a localized lesion. Typhoidal
         disease occurs after inhalation of tularemia organisms; in the
         latter, clinically and radiologically evident pneumonia may be
         significant. Three to five days following inhalation, the
         abrupt onset of fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and
         prostration are seen, with a non-productive cough. Deposition
         of organisms in the orophyarynx may also produce a pharynygeal
         form of tularemia, with "ulceroglandular" type lesions
         localized to the throat.



         DIAGNOSIS

            0  Specific Laboratory Diagnosis. Identification of
            organisms by staining ulcer fluids or sputum is generally
            not helpful. Routine culture is difficult due to unusual
            growth requirements or overgrowth of conimensual bacteria.
            The diagnosis can be established retrospectively by serology.


         THERAPY. Streptomycin is the treatment of choice. Gentamycin
         is also effective. Although laboratory-related infections with
         this organism are very common, human-to-human spread is unusual.


         PROPHYLAXIS. A live-attenuated tularemia vaccine is available
         as in investigational new drug (IND). This vaccine has been
         administered to more than 5,000 persons without significant
         adverse reactions, and is of proven effectiveness in preventing
and pneumonic tularemia.

            The use of antibiotics for prophylaxis against tularemia is
         controversial. At best, onset of disease will be delayed
         somewhat.








                                        16



                                      UNCLASSIFIED

Document 34 f:/Week-36/BX003203/FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST 3106/medical countermeasures against biological mater:12179609282028
Control Fields 17
File Room = sep96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-36
Box ID = BX003203
Unit = OTSG
Parent Organization = HSC
Folder Title = FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST 3106
Folder Seq # = 28
Subject = MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL MATER
Document Seq # = 1
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 17-DEC-1996