MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

File: 123096_sep96_decls27_0024.txt
Page: 0024
Total Pages: 34

Subject: MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL             

Unit: OTSG        

Parent Organization: HSC         

Box  ID: BX003203

Folder Title: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST 3106                                                         

Document Number:          1

Folder Seq  #:         28





                                        UNCLASSIFIED









          inferred from animal studies. Use requires pretesting for
          sensitivity to animal serum (and desensitization for those
          allergic), and disadvantages include rapid clearance by immune
          elimination, as well as theoretical risk of serum sickness.




                             STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN B



          CLINICAL SYNDROME

             Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is one of the several
          exotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus, causing food
          poisoning when ingested.

             A biological warfare attack with aerosol delivery of SEB to
          the respiratory tract produces a distinct syndrome causing
          significant morbidity and potential mortality.

             Clinical Features. The disease begins 1-6 hours after
          exposure with the sudden onset of fever, chills, headache,
          myalgia, and non-productive cough. In more severe cases,
          dyspnea and retrosternal chest pain may also be present.
          Fever, which may reach 103-106 degrees F, has lasted 2-5 days,
          cough may persist 1-4 weeks. In many patients, nausea, which
          may be severe, vomiting, and diarrhea will also occur.
          Physical findings are often more unremarkable. Conjunctival
          injection may be present, and in the most severe cases, signs
          of pulmonary edema would be expected. The chest x-ray is
          generally normal, but in severe cases, there will be increased
          interstitial markings, atelectasis, and possible overt
          pulmonary edema. In moderately severe laboratory exposures,
          lost duty time has been greater than 2 weeks, but, based upon
          animal data, it is anticipated that severe exposures will
          result in fatalities.



          DIAGNOSIS

             . Routine LaboratQrv Findinas. Laboratory findings are
             non-contributory except for a neutrophilic leukocytosis and
            elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

                Differential Diaanosis. In foodborne SEB intoxication,
             fever and respiratory involvement are not seen, and
             gastrointestinal symptoms are prominent.



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                                        I inirl ACRIFIFN

Document 34 f:/Week-36/BX003203/FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST 3106/medical countermeasures against biological mater:12179609282028
Control Fields 17
File Room = sep96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-36
Box ID = BX003203
Unit = OTSG
Parent Organization = HSC
Folder Title = FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST 3106
Folder Seq # = 28
Subject = MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL MATER
Document Seq # = 1
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 17-DEC-1996