TAB A – Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary
This tab lists acronyms and abbreviations found in this report. Additionally, the glossary defines selected technical terms not found in common usage.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
| AFMIC | Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center |
| ARCENT | US Army Central Command |
| BW | biological warfare |
| CAPT | captain (US Navy) |
| CDR | commander |
| COL | colonel |
| CPT | captain (US Army) |
| CRDEC | Chemical Research, Development, and Engineering Center |
| CW | chemical warfare |
| DIA | Defense Intelligence Agency |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| FMIB | Foreign Materiel Intelligence Battalion |
| JCMEC | Joint Captured Materiel Exploitation Center |
| KKMC | King Khalid Military City |
| Lt Col | lieutenant colonel |
| MAJ | major |
| MOD | ministry of defence |
| PA | protective antigen |
| SMART™ | Sensitive Membrane Antigen Rapid Test |
| TEU | Technical Escort Unit |
| US | United States |
| USAMRIID | United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases |
| USCENTCOM | United States Central Command |
| UNSCOM | United Nations Special Commission |
| Biological warfare agent | A naturally occurring or laboratory-produced bacterium (e.g., Bacillus anthracis), virus (e.g., Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis), or toxin (e.g., botulinum toxin derived from Clostridium botulinum). "Unlike chemical agents, which typically lead to violent disease syndromes within minutes at the site of exposure, diseases resulting from biological agents have incubation periods of days."[95] |
| Biological weapon | An item of material that projects, disperses, or disseminates a biological warfare agent.[96] |
| Bubonic plague | The usual form of plague, marked by inflammatory enlargement of the lymphatic glands.[97] |
| False positive | A test result erroneously indicating the presence of an abnormality indicating a disease, particularly due to insufficiently exact testing methods.[98] |
| Investigational new drug | any new drug or biological product that is not formally approved by the US Food and Drug Administration which may be administered to humans with US Food and Drug Administration approval. |
| Lewisite | Chemical Name: Dichloro-(2-chlorovinyl)arsine Lewisite is blister agent. Like mustard, it damages the skin, eyes, and airways. It differs from mustard because some clinical effects appear within seconds.[99] |
| Microgram | One-millionth of a gram[100] |
| Nanogram | One-billionth of a gram[101] |
| PM10 | A commercial biological warfare agent air sampler |
| Ricin | A highly toxic plant protein occurring in the seeds (castor beans) of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis; if eaten, acts as a violent irritant and may be fatal.[102] |
| Sarin | Chemical name: Isoproyl methylphosphonofluoridate A nerve agent known as GB; a very potent irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor[103] |
| Sepsis | The presence of various pus-forming and other pathogenic organisms or their toxins in the blood or tissues; septicemia is a common type of sepsis.[104] |
| Soman | Chemical Name: Methylphosphonofluoridic acid 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl ester Known as GD, Soman is a nerve agent, an extremely potent cholinesterase inhibitor[105] |
| Toxemia | The clinical syndrome caused by toxic substances in the blood[106] |
| Tularemia | A disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, transmitted to humans from rodents through a deer fly’s or other bloodsucking insects’ bite, an infected animal’s bite, or handling an infected animal carcass. Symptoms, similar to those of undulant fever and plague, consist of a prolonged intermittent or remittent fever and often swelling and suppuration of the lymph nodes draining the infection site; rabbits are an important reservoir host.[107] |
| XM2 | A military prototype biological warfare agent air sampler |
| XM-21 | A military prototype stand-off (remote sensing) chemical warfare agent sensor |
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